Engineering

Engineering / System Design

Thinking beyondindividual components.

System design is about understanding the bigger picture. It connects business requirements, application architecture, databases, communication patterns, infrastructure, and operational concerns into a coherent system.

ArchitectureScalabilityReliability

System architecture

How the pieces connect

Connected system

Select any connected component to explore its role in the architecture.

A system-wide viewInteractive

A system-wide perspective

Every decision connects to another.

A system is more than a collection of services. Its architecture emerges from the relationships between requirements, components, data, infrastructure and operational decisions.

RequirementsArchitectureDataOperations

Areas of focus

From requirements to reliable systems.

The key areas I consider when breaking down problems and designing software systems.

01

Requirements & Architectural Thinking

Translating business requirements into technical decisions. Understanding functional and non-functional requirements before choosing technologies or designing components.

Key concepts

  • Functional requirements
  • Non-functional requirements
  • Constraints
  • Architecture decision records
  • Trade-off analysis
02

Application Architecture

Choosing appropriate architectural styles and defining boundaries that keep applications maintainable, extensible, and aligned with business needs.

Key concepts

  • Monolith vs microservices
  • Layered architecture
  • Hexagonal architecture
  • Domain-driven design
  • Service boundaries
03

High-Level & Low-Level Design

Moving from system-level components to implementation details, defining how services, APIs, data models, and individual components work together.

Key concepts

  • HLD
  • LLD
  • UML
  • API contracts
  • Design patterns
04

Scalability & Availability

Designing systems that can handle increasing workloads while remaining available, responsive, and resilient to component failures.

Key concepts

  • Horizontal scaling
  • Load balancing
  • Caching
  • Replication
  • Fault tolerance
05

Data & Communication Architecture

Making decisions about data ownership, synchronous and asynchronous communication, consistency, and reliable processing across services.

Key concepts

  • Database selection
  • Event-driven architecture
  • Kafka
  • Data consistency
  • Distributed transactions
06

Security & Operability

Considering security, observability, deployment, and operational requirements as part of the architecture rather than treating them as afterthoughts.

Key concepts

  • Authentication and authorization
  • IAM
  • Logging and monitoring
  • Distributed tracing
  • Deployment strategies

My perspective

Good architecture is not about using more technologies. It is about making the right decisions for the problem.

I approach system design by first understanding the problem, identifying constraints, and evaluating trade-offs. The goal is not to build the most complicated architecture, but to build a system that solves the problem reliably and can evolve over time.

Understand the problem. Design with purpose.